When designing a commercial space, one of the most critical decisions you'll face is selecting the right type of cable for your network. Riser cables and plenum cables are two common choices, each with specific use cases and properties.
But which one is better for your office, building, or data center? What are the factors to consider when choosing between a riser and a plenum cable? Let’s break down the differences, advantages, and best-use scenarios for each type.
What is a Riser Cable?
Riser cables are designed specifically for use in vertical spaces, such as between floors of a building. They have a particular construction that allows them to meet safety standards for flame resistance. These cables are typically made with a flame-retardant jacket that reduces the risk of fire spreading between floors.
Riser ethernet cables are used in a variety of setups, especially where the cable needs to travel between floors but isn’t exposed to high air circulation, such as in cable riser shafts. They also come in different categories, like cat5e riser, cat6 riser, cat6a riser, and even cat8 riser cable.
Each of these cables offers different data transfer speeds and performance levels. These cables work well for building-to-building communication in multi-story buildings, connecting network devices, servers, or any essential infrastructure.
What is Plenum Cable?
Plenum cables are built for installation in air-handling spaces, often referred to as plenums. These are areas that carry air for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC). These spaces could be ceilings, underfloor areas, or ducts that facilitate airflow throughout the building.
Since plenum areas have increased air circulation, the risk of fire spreading is more significant, and plenum-rated cables are specifically designed to prevent this risk.
Plenum cables are made with materials that burn less easily than standard cables. In the event of a fire, these materials limit the amount of smoke and toxic gases released into the air. It’s important to note that plenum cables are generally more expensive than riser cables because of their fire-resistant properties.
Riser Cable vs. Plenum Cable: Key Differences
Both riser and plenum cables are designed for fire safety, but they are intended for different environments. Below are some key differences that can help you choose the right one for your commercial space.
Fire Resistance
Riser cables have a flame-retardant jacket designed to prevent flames from spreading in vertical spaces. They are less resistant to fire than plenum cables but still provide adequate protection for vertical installations.
On the other hand, plenum cables are made of materials that burn slower and produce less smoke than riser cables. They are specifically designed for installation in air handling spaces, which is why they are built to meet more stringent fire safety standards.
Use Case
As mentioned, riser cables are intended for vertical runs between floors. They’re used in spaces like elevator shafts, walls, and riser ducts. These cables are typically run in areas that aren’t directly exposed to airflow.
Plenum cables are for use in air-handling spaces such as ceilings, underfloor ducts, or ventilation systems where the air circulates throughout the building. This type of cable is ideal for areas that demand high levels of fire safety.
Cost
Generally, riser cables are more affordable than plenum cables due to the difference in materials and construction. Because of their fire-resistant properties, plenum cables tend to be more expensive.
Safety Standards
Riser cables are designed to meet the CMR (Communication Riser) standard, which means they meet minimum fire-resistance standards for use in riser shafts and vertical spaces. Conversely, plenum cables meet the CMP (Communication Plenum) standard, which is more stringent and meant for spaces with more air circulation.
When Should You Use Riser Cables?
Riser cables are typically used in situations where the cable needs to travel between floors in a building but is not exposed to air handling systems. These cables are perfect for:
- Running vertically through floors, walls, and riser shafts.
- Office buildings or apartment complexes where cables need to be routed through specific riser ducts.
- Environments where minimal air circulation exists, so there’s less concern about toxic smoke in case of fire.
Some popular options include cat6 riser cable and cat5e riser cable, which can support various network speeds depending on your requirements.
When Should You Use Plenum Cables?
If your cable is going into a ceiling, underfloor duct, or air-handling space, then a plenum cable is your best choice. These environments are prone to higher airflow, which can carry flames and smoke. Plenum cables prevent the spread of fire by using materials that are specifically designed for these conditions. Some environments where plenum cables are used include:
- HVAC systems: For any cables that need to run through air ducts or ceilings with ventilation.
- Data centers: Where cables may need to be run through areas with high airflow, such as above drop ceilings or within plenum spaces.
- Commercial buildings: In spaces that require extra safety measures for air circulation areas.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a riser cable?
Riser cables are used for vertical runs between floors, designed with flame-retardant jackets to prevent fire from spreading between levels.
Where is the riser cable used?
Riser cables are used in spaces like elevator shafts, riser ducts, and between floors in buildings.
What is the purpose of a riser?
A riser allows for the vertical transportation of cabling between floors, ensuring the safety and organization of cables.
Can riser cable be used outside?
No, riser cables are not rated for outdoor use. For outdoor installations, cables designed for such environments, like fiber risers, are required.
Are riser cables good?
Yes, riser cables are a cost-effective solution for vertical runs between floors, providing safe and reliable data transmission.
Conclusion
Choosing between riser cable and plenum cable ultimately depends on the space where the cables will be installed. Riser cables are the right choice for vertical installations between floors, while plenum cables are better suited for air-handling spaces.
Consider your building’s structure, fire safety needs, and budget to make the best decision. Check out Delco Cables today for high-quality cable solutions for your commercial space.